cobbler配置

流程记录

  • 软件包安装 并关闭SELinux

– 配置epel源，直接使用yum安装

yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp bind pykickstart tftp -y
  • 需要注意dhcp/bind需要单独安装一下，cobbler没依赖dhcp/bind
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0  
systemctl restart cobblerd
  • 配置cobbler参数

– 修改/etc/cobbler/settings的参数

allow_dynamic_settings: 1  
default_password_crypted: "$1$random-p$yqLCVPP/OBjIT02WekZic1"  
next_server: 192.168.117.134  
manage_dhcp: 1  
manage_dns: 1  
server: 192.168.117.134  
manage_rsync: 1  
pxe_just_once: 1 #防止循环装机  
manage_forward_zones: ['gnuers.org']  
manage_reverse_zones: ['10.0.0', '192.168', '172.16.123']
  • 修改dhcp池配置 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.117.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  
option routers 192.168.117.2;  
option domain-name-servers 192.168.117.2;  
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;  
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.117.10 192.168.117.20;
  • 修改/etc/cobbler/named.template配置，named监听所有IP
options {  
listen-on port 53 { any; };  
directory "/var/named";  
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";  
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";  
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";  
allow-query { localhost; };  
recursion yes;  
};
  • 获取网络loader（本机有syslinux可以不安装）
cobbler get-loaders
  • 开启cobbler服务
systemctl enable cobblerd && systemctl start cobblerd  
systemctl enable httpd && systemctl start httpd  
systemctl enable rsyncd.service && systemctl start rsyncd.service  
systemctl enable tftp && systemctl start tftp
  • 配置cobbler-web的密码
htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler

配置后可以打开https://192.168.117.134/cobbler_web 登陆web页面
– 确认cobbler配置

cobbler check
  • 导入安装镜像

– 挂载ISO到本地并导入cobbler
直接导入会给建立一个默认的profile，使用的ks是 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks

mount CentOS-7u2.iso /mnt/CentOS7U2  
cobbler import --arch=x86_64 --breed=redhat --os-version=rhel7 --path=/mnt/CentOS7U2/ --name=CentOS7U2
  • 查看命令
cobbler profile list  
cobbler profile remove --name CentOS7U2-x86_64  
cobbler distro list  
cobbler distro remove --name CentOS7U2-x86_64
  • 添加自己的profile

– 先配置自己的ks文件，再做profile添加
新增自己修改过的ks文件到var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/7u2diy.ks

cobbler profile add --name=Centos7U2-DIY --distro=CentOS7U2-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/7u2diy.ks
  • 设置自动运行的profile
    直接修改/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 中ONTIMEOUT为Centos7U2-DIY
  • 创建system给特定的机器按指定的模板做自动安装
cobbler system add --name=VMDIY --profile=Centos7U2-DIY --interface=eth0 --mac=00:0c:29:e7:a2:e4 --gateway=192.168.117.2 --ip-address=192.168.117.66 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --static=1 --dns-name=test.alipay.com

mac地址为00:0c:29:e7:a2:e4的服务器开启后会按预设的模板进行装机，并分配指定IP
如果想重装已经装过的服务器，需要先设置netboot标志

cobbler system edit --name=VMDIY --netboot-enabled=1  
cobbler sync

KS文件

firewall --disabled  
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512  
url --url=$tree  
text  
firstboot --enable  
ignoredisk --only-use=sda  
keyboard --vckeymap=cn --xlayouts='cn'  
lang zh_CN.UTF-8  
selinux --disabled  
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes --ipv6=auto --activate  
network --hostname=Centos  
rootpw --iscrypted $6$BMgqLp5skYPt6XbU$OQJIOjkvBS2l9Cykbudrtbz8Ym/F9Oc6B9IINXmzunY0pxcWSzzBucTYMV.4bnrZL8.cuhVVPaTRREwksk7Fx.  
services --enabled="chronyd"  
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc  
user --name=pm --password=$6$mYf50m5qC0pf4.ta$0k6i9qdr2I67DAN0C4ToOMF0Kh6mAUVf9A8oNP3WU.VJrcQwpMT1JsyArvopUxCH1Sq/NnAMur8RzTfYQUVux1 --iscrypted --gecos="pm"  
bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda  
clearpart --none --initlabel  
part /home --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=8192  
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=1023  
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=2048  
part / --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=9214  
%packages  
@^minimal  
@core  
chrony  
kexec-tools  
vim  
wget  
bind-utils  
keepalived  
quagga  
rsync  
%end  
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'  
%end  
%anaconda  
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty  
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok  
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty  
%end  
%post --interpreter=/bin/bash  
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ && rm -frv *  
/bin/cat </etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo  
[base]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com  
failovermethod=priority  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
[updates]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com  
failovermethod=priority  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
[extras]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com  
failovermethod=priority  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
[centosplus]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com  
failovermethod=priority  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
[contrib]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com  
failovermethod=priority  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
)2>&1 >> /root/post-install.log  
%end

命令说明

  • 镜像相关的操作
[root@Centos kickstarts]# cobbler distro ##  
usage  
=====  
cobbler distro add  
cobbler distro copy  
cobbler distro edit  
cobbler distro find  
cobbler distro list  
cobbler distro remove  
cobbler distro rename  
cobbler distro report
  • 安装模板配置
[root@Centos kickstarts]# cobbler profile  
usage  
=====  
cobbler profile add  
cobbler profile copy  
cobbler profile dumpvars  
cobbler profile edit  
cobbler profile find  
cobbler profile getks  
cobbler profile list  
cobbler profile remove  
cobbler profile rename  
cobbler profile report
  • 添加发型版支持
    编辑 /var/lib/cobbler/distro_signatures.json
[root@Centos kickstarts]# cobbler signature reload  
usage  
=====  
cobbler signature reload  
cobbler signature report  
cobbler signature update

遇到的问题

  • 内存不足，VM 只分了1G 内存
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/loop0  
missing codepage or helper program, or other error  
in some cases useful info is found in syslog - try  
dmesg | tail or so  
umount: /run/initramfs/squashfs: not mounted  
/sbin/dmsquash-live-root: line 273: printf: write error: no space left on device